长篇影评
1 ) 理性与蛮荒的较量
在荒岛上,一群价值观还没有成型的小孩会怎么办?
没有教条的约束,恐怕连成年人也会退化吧,鲁滨逊也退化了,还好岛上只有他一个人。中间的故事太过血腥,那布满苍蝇的猪头立在地上,似乎也在看,这群小孩会怎么样。他们争斗,并不是正义的一方就会赢,但是想象一下,岛上远离文明,条件恶劣,并不是靠文明就可以生存。数千年前,人类也是如此血腥的生存,残酷环境下只有强者才能生存。
2 ) The rebel of Lucifer – my understanding of Lord of the Flies
Staring at the ending credits of the movie Lord of the Flies, I truly wished that I had never seen it. It was definitely not one of my favorite, but once watched, it became almost impossible for me to forget about it. The uncomfortable feeling it induced was so strange and complex that it was difficult to say what disturbed me indeed. Even after reading the official interpretations about original evil, the uncomfortable feeling was still there, for although I was totally convinced by the views of the literary experts, I had a feeling that there was something else.
Then what is it that disturbed me so much? Simply speaking, it is a question unanswered: Why Jack? Why did the children choose Jack instead of Ralph? You may explain it by elaborating on the evil tendency of the human soul, but besides it there must be something else that attracted the children who, although have not yet formed proper judgment between good and evil, have the natural ability to tell what they prefer. In a word, there must be something at which Jack was right while Ralph was wrong.
But what was it? At the beginning of the novel, when the two kids first met, Ralph was the more popular one: he was more handsome, a little bit bigger in size, and most importantly, he had the conch, the symbol of democratic power. His initial advantage against Jack was obvious, but Jack gradually took over. How? It is noticeable that Jack was a person with a strong desire to control, starting from the way he led the choir: even on a deserted island did he try to keep order and maintain control. After failing to become leader of the crowd, he quickly found himself a place as chief of the hunting team. As Ralph had noticed, Jack had “the voice of one who knew his own mind.” How about Ralph? According to Piggy, Ralph was “sensible”. What he wanted was to go back to the civilized society, but he put his only hope of rescue, the fire, under the control of Jack ("Ralph, I'll split up the choir--my hunters, that is--into groups, and we'll be responsible for keeping the fire going--"). Even after Jack’s negligence lost them a precious chance to be rescued, he still relied on Jack for the maintenance of the fire.
At first, Jack was all alone, for leisure was much more attractive for the boys than the fruitless effort of hunting. But Jack was determined “‘I went on,’ said Jack. ‘I let them go. I had to go on. I— ’”. He was driven by a desire to kill, though there was no need of it since they had enough fruit to eat. Why did he found himself so tiring a job as hunting when he could have been enjoying the sunshine and water as everybody else? He was definitely not just looking for something to do, but was again seeking control: the control of pigs, the control of food, the control of the hunting team, the control of the stone fortress, and most importantly, the control of life. While Ralph, after finishing the construction of the huts on the beach, what he did was mostly waiting: waiting for some passing ships or planes to take them home. He did call a number of meetings, but most of the meetings were fruitless for they could not reach a conclusion. Being a leader, Ralph always failed to keep his ground. He was furious at Jack’s negligence of the fire, but when Jack offered him the meat, he eagerly accepted. He was aware of the aggressiveness of Jack and the antagonism between him and Piggy, but was never determined to settle it, never determined to take sides. At last, he even forgot that he was the leader and had to be reminded by Piggy to regain his self-image.
The biggest difference between Jack and Ralph was their attitude towards life. For Ralph, he considered life as something that he himself as a child could not master, so he put the hope on others: on Jack who kept the fire, on the unknown adults who might come and take them home, thus losing control of his own life, putting his fate at the mercy of others. But Jack was quite different, he took the responsibility to hunt, to gather a group, to paint, to sing, to build a fortress all on himself, although he didn’t even have to. Instead of returning to the existing civilization, he was the one who tried to rebuild the civilization, though primitive, on his own.
During the process of gaining control, Jack revived the underlying evil force in his soul, which was true beyond denial. But the sense of “control”, once used on someone other than God, is always related to evil and sin. Think about Lucifer the seraphim who refused to bow before Adam. Once violating God’s will and seeking control of his own, the previous Angel of Light became Satan. But according to Paradise Lost by Milton, the wish to make his own judgment, to be his own savior, to look at the world with independent eye was so strong that Lucifer would rather sacrifice the heaven for it.
So was Adam who abandoned Eden for the forbidden fruit. Instead of obeying God, he chose the advice of Lucifer, just like the children who chose Jack instead of Ralph. It is rather interesting to notice that the forbidden fruit was the fruit on the tree of knowledge. It seemed that even ancient man had realized that knowledge is a dangerous thing: there is some knowledge that should never be obtained. It might not be a mere coincidence that the background of the novel Lord of the Flies was the third world war, a war triggered by nuclear weapon, the superlative development of human knowledge.
The writer seemed to imply that man is doomed to be destroyed: even the kids are taking the same route as their elders, gaining too much control on something that they are unable to rein. If this desire of power, of knowledge, of controlling one’s own fate is an inborn birthmark of human nature, then ever since Lucifer rebelled, since Adam went out of Eden, man is destined to die. But since it is a destiny of our own choice, not only of the children in the novel, not only of modern man, but of Adam and of Lucifer who could have enjoyed the heavenly peace so much desired, there might be something right about it that we could not yet understand.
3 ) 短评写不下
这个是现代道德和原始本能的battle。暴力和本能胜利那是必须的,没有满足本能生理需求何谈理智和民主等上层建筑。人类社会性那真是个神奇的东西,是本能,是发展基础,形式多变,容易改变。片尾其实这个新暴力团体没有被rescue那也是不能够生存的,就如原始人类发展的进程一样,他们缺的是从零开始的铺垫。看来Golding写这个故事还是写得很客气的,么有把这个摇摇欲坠的产物逼到墙角。
这个题材要是社会学科学生写论文神马的还是不错的,吧?揍是恕愚昧,load of the flies神马寓意,没看之前不太了解这个故事其实我一直在等大团苍蝇的出现,都没有……
关于近视眼镜其实不能生火的bug我觉得很好,本来就是个寓意,站不牢。我是说没有物质基础的民主。
4 ) 《蝇王》--孕育怪兽
据说,《圣经》中,蝇王是万恶之首;在英语中,蝇王是污秽和粪便之王,象征着丑恶。苍蝇毫不羞涩的占据全世界人们厌恶和排斥的昆虫之首,不仅仅是它生活的环境令人恶心,更重要的是污秽也是诞生它的家园。这部根据诺贝尔文学奖获得者威廉·戈尔丁同名小说改编的电影即用这个名字暗喻着人性之恶,通过种种象征意义探讨了环境影响和人性塑造的关系。
故事被架空在想象中的第三次世界大战,影片以放映幻灯片式的方式将动态的背景陈述换成静态的照片陈列,照片上的人事诉说着不同的、普通的、死板的、过去式的硝烟与平静,仿佛过去、现在、未来这一纸条被折成了莫比乌斯环,抛弃掉两边的牵扯,只剩下“现在”的真伪。
影片的主角是一群六至十二岁的孩童,真正令人厌恶的年纪,早已忘记自己鸟样童年的成人一边对他们的劣行以“不懂事”为名加以辩护,一边用拳头和幻想塑造这个自己身上掉下的泥人。社会上的种种规则、不成文的约束、成人的力量、物质的诱惑等等都是现代文明赐予孩子的火锅,不论你是菜花童还是油菜童,跳进去涮上一阵子,都是“成熟”的好市民,光荣的家族使命和社会责任在遥遥等待。
就像飞机坠毁一样,这个火锅翻了,孩子们被遗落在了某地荒岛。
荒岛的设定意味着与文明世界脐带的断裂,蔬菜们不能被一双双勤劳的双手洗刷干净、不能被切成喜欢的形状分帮立派的安置到不同的盘子、不能静静地等待就有筷子来把它们夹进锅里。面临突如其来的自由,孩子们首先感受到的是巨大的惶恐,那股冥冥之中控制一切的力量不见了,他们从按时做什么变成了按时却不知该做什么。多数人的弱势开始显现:寻求一个精神上和身体上的领导者,最重要的是,这个人可以负责思考和负责。
手持海螺的拉尔夫登场,他吹响海螺将众童聚集到沙滩上,所有的儿童都认定持有海螺的人最有发言权和权威,除了杰克领导的合唱团,拉尔夫成为众望所归的领袖,民主第一次展现出它的力量,其实也逃不过少数服从多数的规律,这种以数量上不理智的压制来统领的手段在片尾的围剿中才显露其獠牙和利爪。
在拉尔夫的领导下,孩子们一方面了解到这是个孤岛,一方面意识到必须要主动建立起与外界的联系,而他们的方法便是寻求火源,用浓烟吸引飞机或轮船到此。而在离开之前,便是搭屋建棚、收集野果等一系列工作,在玩闹嬉耍里,小集体的生活总算正式开始,后面隐藏的种种弊端也开始凸显。手持尖刀的杰克根本不服从拉尔夫的领导,拉尔夫自己也只信任自己团队里年龄较大的孩子,对年龄小的孩子不屑一顾,后来因为杰克的疏忽导致火种熄灭失去救援机会成为了第一次矛盾的导火索。
在这次矛盾之后,两帮势力的分别更为明显:杰克帮的孩子依靠杰克的小刀将木棒的两端削尖作为武器,他们虽然还穿着合唱团的短裤并戴着帽子,却集体脱掉了上衣;而拉尔夫帮的孩子衣服因为穿梭在树林里变得破破烂烂,但就是破的分不清领口和袖口的衣服,这个帮的孩子还是尽量体面的穿着它们。荒岛上原先以规则和秩序建立的社会文明出现倒退倾向,人类文明的三个阶段原始文明、农业文明、工业文明里,以杰克小刀绝对力量的出现开始向农业文明滑坡。孩子们的行为开始越来越野蛮,为本能驱使的杀死动物来果腹不再充满罪恶感和恐惧,死去动物喷薄而出的鲜血更在视觉和心理上极大地刺激了这些孩童的本能:与其说是人类的本能,倒不如说是所有食肉动物的本能。
两个孩子第一次发现“怪兽”时,拉尔夫和杰克都去查看,但除了杰克占领了一个有利地形的山洞之外毫无线索,然而所有的孩子都被“怪兽”的描述吓坏了,大海和黑暗变成了他们最为恐惧的东西。此时,拉尔夫的理智论再也无法控制住杰克的本能论:规则和秩序的存在意义受到怀疑,且它们都不能为最基础的生存提供物质上的帮助,比如在“怪兽”面前,杰克的小刀和自信才是力量的源泉。
工业文明瓦解,农业文明兴起。
投靠杰克的孩子们得到削尖的木棍,通过劳动获得食物,最最重要的是,杰克使用植物在孩子们脸上和身上涂抹各种线条和颜色,并用“部落”形容自己的团体。杰克宣扬,为了不受怪兽伤害,他们必须定期进贡猪头给怪兽。故事发展到这,已经能见到原始宗教和图腾崇拜的起源。杰克帮彻底丢弃了原来合唱团衣服的穿法,像土著般随意缠绕挡住重点部位即可。而犯了错的部落族人,会受到脱光了抽屁股的惩罚。这个部落的团结依靠杰克尖刀的威信和对“怪兽”的恐惧,即便“怪兽”一直只是他们一厢情愿的幻想和去控制恐惧的借口。
猪仔的眼镜是火种之源,在杰克帮在夜晚的狂欢中以杀死“怪兽”的名义杀死一名孩童之后,抢劫在他们眼中也是弱肉强食的本事比拼,他们趁着夜晚的掩护抢走了猪仔的眼镜,控制了火源,不是为了向外界求救,仅仅是为了烧烤食物。向本能屈服总是比受到道德感约束容易的多,这里既有及时行乐的天性,也是顺从懒惰的劣根性。
被遗忘的电话号码、脱下的衣服、杀人后的笑脸、会说的单词越来越少、用嚎叫传递信息,原始部落彻底成型。这个荒岛的部落已经显现了几点注定消亡的证据:1.没有女童。2.杰克放火烧岛。3.小岛很小,资源有限。4.自相残杀毫无障碍。完全受兽性本能支配的杰克部落在杰克暴虐的统治下对谎言深信不疑,对试图让他们认清真相的孩童毫不留情的抹杀。杰克部落孩童数量上的绝对优势让拉尔夫最终孤身一人成为了被围剿者——“怪兽”的化身。为了消除令人不快的莫名其妙的恐惧感,以及融入集体的安全感,整个小岛陷入一片围剿活人的癫狂之中。
也正是这种癫狂,令权欲熏心的杰克放火烧岛试图逼拉尔夫现身,浓烟引起了海军警觉,才救了拉尔夫一命。看着统一着装、规律严谨、统一有序的白衣海军出现,那一刻现代人的形象真是宛若天神,难怪当年欧洲白色人种轻而易举的拿下了各个原始部落。然而,只有拉尔夫痛哭流涕,救援如此容易,同伴们却宁可选择丧失人性。
人性的离去,是现代文明的不挽留、还是原始本能的追求?
5 ) 孩子与恶(又是得自河合隼雄先生的启发)
《蝇王》观感
看了书,又去看电影。美国的新版看了几眼,还是喜欢英国旧版,尤其喜欢Piggy,他的抑扬顿挫又奶声奶气的英式英语,十分可爱。
眼看着自己喜欢的小孩,从惯被欺凌到被谋杀惨死,深深感到人性的恶。代表理性与秩序的Ralph有,反派角色Jack有,事实上在我们的人性深处都有,这种恶人人有份。这大概是《蝇王》想要表达的主要观点。
在生活中遇到另一种观点:把儿童想象成善。这是一种简单化的儿童观,分裂了儿童与成人,似乎善与恶两者各负责一半。读书会上次讨论艺术,有同学认为儿童画更有艺术性,大人要向孩子学习。这是同一种论调。画家刘老师对此的回应是否定的。
这样想的人,一旦发现恶在孩子身上也同样存在,就会180度转向另一种观点:人性如此之恶,应该寻找一些对策把它彻底消灭。从学校到社会,这会带来更大的恶:过度控制乃至极权专制。
听来一个故事:幼儿园,小班,老师发现有人偷偷把吃剩的饭菜倒在不该倒的地方,为了找出这个小孩,动员大家举报,还用糖果作为奖励,可是实在是查不出来。老师后来甚至想要调出监控,最终担心“面子”作罢。
道德洁癖吗?痒痒一定要抓,皮肤抓破也不要紧。
因为明知道有恶,就去大肆干涉孩子的行为,限制孩子的自由。这样做,无论抓到抓不到,都可能破坏孩子的世界。这其实还是不能正视孩子的世界中这个恶的存在,还是一味的想要孩子与善良、正义,与那些我们希望的美德在一起。
推荐一本书,河合隼雄的《孩子与恶》,这是一本把善与恶整合起来思考的书。他说孩子本来就是与恶一起成长的,恶也有建设性的作用。黑格尔说:“恶是从普遍的事物中切离出自己,是自我的个别化的过程。所以恶不仅是必然的,还是必须的。”
再推荐两部电影,都是孩子与恶的主题:《白丝带》和《蜂巢幽灵》。
6 ) 《蝇王》63版超140字影评
生肉
电影比原作有着更浓的能量,主要区别在于语言——电影更加如一更加一致。儿童们演的很棒,选角、出演都不错,而golding的文字,现在回想起来,似乎只记得那如同儿童文学的笔触。
太有预言性质了。人类对世界的占领,就是从对资源的荒度而非有规划使用开始。而生存优先的技能默认选项,也让团体会排除生病、异见者。
piggy在这里代表了理性,或者说,从另一个星球来的理性(没有本土化的适应性的理性)。在这里,理性远没有最原始的人性更有适应性。煽动对人性的影响,远比理性对人性的影响要厉害。物质贫瘠,无所依赖,没有历史,技能树黑暗,一切架空的现代小孩,的确会被心底的人性撅住,撅回遥远的茹毛饮血的时代。
没有妥协的智慧与规则,不会生存太久。好预言。何况这智慧并没有太高成功率(始终维持火势,代价太大资源不够),规则也没有足够的拴束性。
piggy被饿被Jack晒在一旁,犹如现代的理性被资金玩耍,尤其现代的资本是野性、恶与理性的结合。千丝万缕,怎能一刀切断。
warpaint~Jack是自学成才么?!越发丰富、成熟的暴力!这,明眼都看得出,暴力的胃口很大,绝对会吞噬些什么,马上是Ralph的领导权,接着——原作如果没有让成人介入,就是群体的崩灭了。吃人?残杀?虽然模糊但依稀可见的可怕。我甚至能看到,自相残杀未进入混乱时,“高层”揪老底决定谁被献祭——类似欧洲中世纪,和中国文革。又想起鲁迅笔下的“吃人”,数千年来,成人的世界、成熟的世界(中国大陆),也有着“蝇王”的影子啊,而这lord of flies,毋庸置疑就是以皇帝为首的权利阶级。
编剧、导演甚至大人的痕迹,不是很好的被遮掩,而是几乎完全不见。
最后的军官来到的镜头,太偏为预言而作了吧。不是这个项减分,整部片很好,但没有达到《十二怒汉》的高度。
整个改编很忠实于原作(不想说原著),这个贴合感,哎,又想起《基督山伯爵》的几个不伦不类的胡改了。改编,首先——在价值上说,是将文字与意象赋予画面和冲击感。然而,近代国产剧尤其金庸剧的改编,张纪中等人做出了非常多的改动,应该是找不同,以满足观影群众求滋味解闷儿的心理、需求,而不一样是最能提供滋味的——要知道高阶portrait改编是需要功力的,而且商业上更冒险,谁不想做眼下漫威的赚钱系电影呢。
通往奴役之路,何其自然平坦!通往民主之路,何其曲折艰难。
虽然Ralph代表皿煮和理性,但Piggy才是智慧和光明的象征。双胞胎是纯粹和纯洁?燃鹅看完后还是不造"Lord of the Flies"啥意思……(最后成年男子出现时想到空中杀手。。
孩子们害怕莫须有的野兽,到头来真正的“野兽”却是在人性中潜伏着的兽性。
精彩呈现原著,理性和民主匍匐在野蛮与独裁的脚下。
开头不错
小学时候读这本书时,懵懵懂懂被里面黑暗的力量所慑服。今天重温寒意仍在,关于成人社会的政治比拟好懂许多,但更大范畴其实仍旧有东西可供挖掘。原著魅力强大。这个版本的Piggy和Ralph成功过Jack, 节奏、气氛、演绎基本高度忠于原作。慢镜头爬上Captain惊愕脸庞时,绝境逢生的
关于人,人性和男性永远与生俱来的恶与杀戮。(这一版比后来1990那一版好太多太多)
走进文明需要千年的迂回努力,走进荒蛮只需一秒的不假思索。
据说戈尔丁很喜欢对原著的“简单化处理”。寓言的性质过强,反而看起来有点刻意了。视听上发明了“fake tracking”,用变焦镜头造成轨道的效果。最好的一个段落是Piggy死后拉尔夫奔逃的段落的画外音处理,高度心理化。时间、服装、光的衔接性很不好。
成人才看得懂的儿童片
对原著的完美改编,看片过程中多年前读的原著如抽丝剥茧般被回忆起来。有几段甚至超出了我的想象,例如第一次去山顶确认“野兽”的存在那一场景。
孤岛向来都是人性的试验场,在努力建立起的文明世界里成长起来的我们当然没办法感觉到大自然生存策略的残酷,但一旦一群人置身到遵从弱肉强食的丛林法则的极端环境下时会发什么现实和文学都已经无数次用血淋淋的事实证明了人是环境产物,群体意志确实存在,而为了对抗风险求生存人类什么事情都做得出。
民主法制和独裁专制,谁给人以最迫切的富足和最触手可及的希望,谁就会拥有海量的追随者。
环境造就恶魔
战争大环境下 孩子也都跟着疯了
很喜欢。
开头交代事件背景时使用的停格摄影颇为前卫。原著还有影片所表达的,即对于人性的无奈。即便是天真不谙世事的孩子,在他们之中亦会形成战争,有人的地方就有群体,有群体便有野蛮和专制。掌握在少数人手里的理性与民主中将会被其取缔,这个小岛里确实有野兽,他们的内心就是。人性才是最为肮脏的东西
http://v.pptv.com/show/Oa2CAGjOPnzfXaE.html
8/10 迫不及待想看原著小说啊
远胜于90版。